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近日，韓國最大在野黨共同民主黨黨首、下屆總統大選最熱門人選之一李在明在釜山訪問時遇襲。據報道，李在明頸部左側遭到割傷，被緊急送醫并接受手術后，現已脫離危險，行兇男子當場被捕，他承認試圖謀殺李在明，但其動機仍不清楚。這一事件震驚了韓國，遭到社會各界一致譴責。為何說“韓國苦政治暴力久矣”？李在明遇刺一案又反映出韓國哪些現狀？一起來聽今天的講解。
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本篇課程首發于2024年1月9日
英文原文
Head of South Korean Opposition Party Is Stabbed
韓國反對黨領袖遇刺
By Timothy W. Martin and Dasl Yoon
The head of South Korea's opposition party was stabbed in the neck on Tuesday, jolting the country as political tensions have risen sharply and prompting calls for greater security for elected officials.
周二，韓國反對黨領袖頸部被刺傷，在緊張的政治局勢急劇升溫之際，這一事件震驚韓國，并引發了加強民選官員安全的呼吁。
Lee Jae-myung, the 59-year-old leader of South Korea's Democratic Party, underwent emergency vascular surgery for a small laceration to the left side of his neck, officials said. He sustained an injury to his jugular vein, though is expected to survive.
據官員們稱，59歲的韓國共同民主黨黨首李在明（Lee Jae-myung）頸部左側有一小道撕裂傷，目前已接受了緊急血管外科手術。雖然他的頸靜脈受傷，但預計性命無憂。
The country has a history of violent attacks on political and diplomatic figures. In 2006, former president Park Geun-hye, who was then the leader of the conservative party, was stabbed at a political rally. In 2015, the then-U.S. ambassador to Seoul, Mark Lippert, was slashed in the face and hand by a man protesting joint U.S.-South Korea military drills.
韓國素來有暴力襲擊政治和外交人物的歷史。2006年，時任保守黨領袖的前總統樸槿惠（Park Geun-hye）在一次政治集會上被刺傷。2015年，時任美國駐韓大使馬克·李伯特（Mark Lippert）遭到一名抗議美韓聯合軍演的男子砍傷臉部和手部。
"I've been watching Korean politics for a long time, and there's always been fighting and division, but it was never as bad or polarizing as today," said Gi-Wook Shin, a Korea expert at Stanford University, who added that he hopes the attack on Lee serves as a wake-up call for political leaders.
斯坦福大學韓國問題專家申基旭（Gi-Wook Shin）表示，“我長期觀察韓國的政治情況，爭斗與分裂一直存在，但從未像今天這般嚴峻甚至是兩極分化?！鄙昊裱a充道，他希望李在明遇刺事件能給各個政黨領導人敲響警鐘。
Political support has become more fervent and radicalized in recent years as voters began feeling closer to the politicians they support, partly because of social media, said Shin Yul, a professor of political science at South Korea's Myongji University. "People have become more emotionally invested in a politician's every move, which leads to extreme actions," he said.
韓國明知大學（Myongji University）政治學教授申律（Shin Yul）表示，近年來，隨著選民開始感覺自己與支持的政客更加親近，政治支持也變得愈發狂熱和激進，其中部分原因是社交媒體的影響。他補充道，“對政治家的一舉一動，人們投入了越來越多的感情，這也導致了一些極端行為?！?br>
【內容拓展】
1. 韓國目前的政壇格局是“朝小野大”，也就是說，在韓國國會，總統所在的執政黨人數更少，而反對黨在國會占位子更多，如果馬上就來的國會選舉仍然保持“朝小野大”的格局，那韓國總統所在的執政黨就是跛腳鴨，受制于反對黨。
2. 老師講解中提及的古詩文：
秦王曰：天子之怒，伏尸百萬，流血千里。
唐雎曰：若士必怒，伏尸二人，流血五步，天下縞素。
——《戰國策·唐雎不辱使命》
塞上長城空自許，鏡中衰鬢已先斑。
——陸游《書憤》
生詞好句
1.opposition party
反對黨
2.stab
英 [st?b]美 [st?b]
v. （用刀或者尖銳物）刺，捅
拓展:
be stabbed in the chest 胸口被捅
be stabbed in the back 被背刺
She was stabbed in the back by her once close ally.
她被她曾經親近的盟友背叛。
3.jolt
英 [d???lt]美 [d?o?lt]
v. （本文）心理上震動、震驚；急劇猛烈地震動；n. 震動
拓展:
wake up with a jolt 猛地驚醒
The car stopped unexpectedly and we were jolted forwards.
車子急停讓我們猛地向前晃了下。
The collapse of Silicon Valley Bank jolts markets.
硅谷銀行的倒閉震驚了市場。
4.prompt
英 [pr?mpt]美 [prɑ?mpt]
v. 激起，導致（urge, spur)
拓展:
The violence has prompted international outrage.
暴力激起國際性的憤慨。
5.undergo
英 [??nd??ɡ??]美 [??nd?r?ɡo?]
v. 遭受（不好的經歷）（endure）
拓展:
undergo intensive trainings 通過高強度訓練
undergo transformation 經歷轉型
6.emergency surgery
急救手術
拓展:
planned surgery 擇期手術
vascular adj. 血管的
cardiovascular n. 心血管
7.laceration
英 [?l?s?r?e??n]美 [?l?s??re??n]
n. 傷口
拓展:
lacerate v. 劃傷，割傷
The broken glass caused severe laceration of his feet.
碎玻璃給他的腳劃出了嚴重的傷口。
8.sustain
英 [s??ste?n]美 [s??ste?n]
v. 遭受，經受
拓展:
sustain heavy losses 遭受巨額損失
9.jugular
英 [?d??ɡj?l?]美 [?d??ɡj?l?r]
adj. 頸部的
拓展:
go for the jugular 攻擊要害，給予致命一擊
10.vein
英 [ve?n]美 [ve?n]
n. 靜脈
11.have a history of
有……的歷史，過去曾經有過某種行為
拓展:
If a delivery service has a history of arriving late, maybe you go to the restaurant yourself.
如果外賣系統老是送餐晚，也許你該直接去餐廳。
If your boss has a history of treating you disrespectfully, maybe look for a new job.
如果你的老板總是無禮地對你，也許你該找份新工作。
12.then
英 [een]美 [een]
adj. 那時的（at that time）
拓展:
my then husband 我當時的丈夫
13.rally
英 [?r?li]美 [?r?li]
n. （本文）集會；拉力賽
拓展:
hold a rally 舉行一場集會
14.slash
英 [sl??]美 [sl??]
v.（用利器）砍、劃；（金錢方面）大幅削減
拓展:
Someone slashed his car's tires.
有人劃破了他的車胎。
slash the budgets 砍預算
slash the spending 減開支
15.military drill
軍事演習
16.polarizing
英 [?p??l?ra?z??]美 [?po?l?ra?z??]
adj. 兩極分化的
拓展:
polarize v. 兩極分化
pole n. 極點
Henry Kissinger was one of the most polarizing and influential diplomatic figures in U.S. history.
亨利·基辛格是美國歷史上最褒貶不一、最具影響力的外交人物之一。
17.a wake-up call for something
為某事敲響警鐘
拓展:
The rising cases of depression served as a wake-up call for the society to pay more attention on teenage mental health.
增長的抑郁癥案例為社會敲響警鐘，更多關注青少年心理健康。
18.fervent
英 [?f??v?nt]美 [?f?r?v?nt]
adj. 帶強烈情感的，熱烈的，狂熱的
拓展:
I am a fervent admirer of Harbin
我成了哈爾濱的熱情粉絲。
19.emotionally invested in someone
往某人身上注入了非常多情感
拓展:
invest v. 投入（錢、情感）
Somebody is really emotionally invested in you.
某人對你用情很深哦。
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